It is the most populous city in India and the ninth most populous agglomeration in the worldwith an estimated city population of Along with the neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Regionit is one of the most populous urban regions in the world and the second most populous metropolitan area in India, with a population of InMumbai was named an alpha world city.

The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies. Bombay in the 19th century was characterised by economic and educational development. During the early 20th century it became a strong base for the Indian independence movement. Upon India's independence in the city was incorporated into Bombay State. Infollowing the Samyukta Maharashtra movementa new state of Maharashtra was created with Bombay as the capital.

Mumbai is the financialcommercial [24] and entertainment capital of India. It is also one of the world's top ten centres of commerce in terms of global financial flow, [25] generating 6. It is also home to some of India's premier scientific and nuclear institutes like BARCNPCLIRELTIFRAERBAECIand the Department of Atomic Energy. The city also houses India's Hindi Bollywood and Marathi film and television industry. Mumbai's business opportunities, as well as its potential to offer a higher standard of living[30] attract migrants from all over India, making the city a melting pot of many communities and cultures.

The oldest known names for the city are Kakamuchee and Galajunkja ; these are sometimes still used. Tana appears to refer to the adjoining town of Thane and Maiambu to Mumbadevi.

Other variations recorded in the 16th and the 17th centuries include: MombaynBombayBombainBombaymMonbaymMombaimMombaymBambayeBombaiimBombeyeBoon Bay[38] [40] and Bon Bahia. By the late 20th century, the city was referred to as Mumbai or Mambai in the Indian statewise official languages of MarathiKonkaniGujaratiKannada and Sindhiand as Bambai in Hindi. A resident of Mumbai is called mumbaikar in the Marathi languagein which the suffix kar means resident of.

The term has been in use for quite some time but it gained popularity after the official name change to Mumbai. Mumbai is built on what was once an archipelago of seven islands: Bombay IslandParelMazagaonMahimColabaWorliand Old Woman's Island also known as Little Colaba. Pleistocene sediments found along the coastal areas around Kandivali in northern Mumbai suggest that the islands were inhabited since the Stone Age.

In the third century BCE, the islands formed part of the Maurya Empire, during its expansion in the south, ruled by the Buddhist emperor, Ashoka of Magadha. Between the second century BCE and ninth century CE, the islands came under the control of successive indigenous dynasties: SatavahanasWestern KshatrapasAbhirasVakatakasKalachurisKonkan Mauryas, Chalukyas and Rashtrakutas[64] before being ruled by the Silhara dynasty from to King Bhimdev founded his kingdom in the region in the late 13th century and established his capital in Mahikawati present day Mahim.

During this time, the islands were administered by the Muslim Governors of Gujaratwho were appointed by the Delhi Sultanate. The islands were later governed by the independent Gujarat Sultanatewhich was established in The Sultanate's patronage led to the construction of many mosques, prominent being the Haji Ali Dargah in Worlibuilt in honour of the Muslim saint Haji Ali in The Mughal Empirefounded inwas the dominant power in the Indian subcontinent during the midth century.

According to the treaty, the seven islands of Bombay, the nearby strategic town of Bassein and its dependencies were offered to the Portuguese. The territories were later surrendered on 25 October The Portuguese were actively involved in the foundation and growth of their Roman Catholic religious orders in Bombay. The islands were leased to several Portuguese officers during their regime.

The Portuguese Franciscans and Jesuits built several churches in the city, prominent being the St. Michael's Church at Mahim[83] St. John the Baptist Church at Andheri[84] St. Andrew's Church at Bandra[85] and Gloria Church at Byculla The English were in constant struggle with the Portuguese vying for hegemony over Bombay, as they recognised its strategic natural harbour and its natural isolation from land-attacks. By the middle of the 17th century the growing power of the Dutch Empire forced the English to acquire a station in western India.

On 11 Maythe marriage treaty of Charles II of England and Catherine of Braganzadaughter of King John IV of Portugalplaced the islands in possession of the English Empireas part of Catherine's dowry to Charles. From tothe English managed to acquire Mahim, Sion, Dharavi, and Wadala. Inthe English East India Company transferred its headquarters from Surat to Bombay. The city eventually became the headquarters of the Bombay Presidency. With the Treaty of Suratthe British formally gained control of Salsette and Bassein, resulting in the First Anglo-Maratha War.

From onwards, the city was reshaped with large-scale civil engineering projects aimed at merging all the seven islands into a single amalgamated mass. This project, known as Hornby Vellardwas completed by The success of the British campaign in the Deccan marked the end of all attacks by native powers.

Bythe seven islands coalesced into a single landmass by the Hornby Vellard project via large scale land reclamation. The opening of the Suez Canal in transformed Bombay into one of the largest seaports on the Arabian Sea.

After India's independence inthe territory of the Bombay Presidency retained by India was restructured into Bombay State. The area of Bombay State increased, after several erstwhile princely states that joined the Indian union were integrated into the state. Subsequently, the city became the capital of Bombay State. The Samyukta Maharashtra movement to create a separate Maharashtra state including Bombay was at its height in the s. In the Lok Sabha discussions inthe Congress party demanded that the city be constituted as an autonomous city-state.

Bombay Citizens' Committeean advocacy group of leading Gujarati industrialists lobbied for Bombay's independent status. Following protests during the movement in which people lost their lives in clashes with the police, Bombay State was reorganised on linguistic lines on 1 May The following decades saw massive expansion of the city and its suburbs. In the late s, Nariman Point and Cuffe Parade were reclaimed and developed.

The textile industry in Bombay largely disappeared after the widespread Great Bombay Textile Strikein which nearlyworkers in more than 50 textile mills went on strike. On 1 Octoberthe Greater Bombay district was bifurcated to form two revenue districts namely, Bombay City and Bombay Suburbanthough they continued to be administered by same Municipal Administration. From tothere has been an increase in violence in the hitherto largely peaceful city. On 12 Marcha series of 13 co-ordinated bombings at several city landmarks by Islamic extremists and the Bombay underworld resulted in deaths and over injuries.

Mumbai is the commercial capital of India and has evolved into a global financial hub. Mumbai consists of two distinct regions: Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban districtwhich form two separate revenue districts of Maharashtra. The remaining areas belong to various Defence establishments, the Mumbai Port Trustthe Atomic Energy Commission and the Borivali National Park, which are out of the jurisdiction of the MCGM.

Mumbai lies at the mouth of the Ulhas River on the western coast of India, in the coastal region known as the Konkan. It sits on Salsette Island Sashti Islandwhich it partially shares with the Thane district. Apart from the Bhatsa Damthere are six major lakes that supply water to the city: ViharLower VaitarnaUpper VaitarnaTulsiTansa and Powai.

Tulsi Lake and Vihar Lake are located in Borivili National Parkwithin the city's limits. The supply from Powai lake, also within the city limits, is used only for agricultural and industrial purposes. Soil cover in the city region is predominantly sandy due to its proximity to the sea. In the suburbs, the soil cover is largely alluvial and loamy. The period from June to about the end of September constitutes the south-west monsoon season, and October and November form the post-monsoon season.

Between June and September, the south west monsoon rains lash the city. Pre-monsoon showers are received in May. Occasionally, north-east monsoon showers occur in October and November. The average annual temperature is In the suburbs, the daily mean maximum temperature range from Mumbai is India's largest city by population and is the financial and commercial capital of the country as it generates 6.

Until the s, Mumbai owed its prosperity largely to textile mills and the seaport, but the local economy has since then diversified to include financeengineeringdiamond-polishing, healthcare and information technology.

Nariman Point and Bandra Kurla Complex BKC are Mumbai's major financial centres. The Santacruz Electronic Export Processing Zone SEEPZ and the International Infotech Park Navi Mumbai offer excellent facilities to IT companies.

State and central government employees make up a large percentage of the city's workforce. Mumbai also has a large unskilled and semi-skilled self-employed population, who primarily earn their livelihood as hawkers, taxi drivers, mechanics and other such blue collar professions.

The port and shipping industry is well established, with Mumbai Port being one of the oldest and most significant ports in India. Its population as per the census was 12, It is administered by the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai MCGM sometimes referred to as the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporationformerly known as the Bombay Municipal Corporation BMC.

The Municipal Commissioner is the chief Executive Officer and head of the executive arm of the Municipal Corporation. All executive powers are vested in the Municipal Commissioner who is an Indian Administrative Service IAS officer appointed by the state government. Although the Municipal Corporation is the legislative body that lays down policies for the governance of the city, it is the Commissioner who is responsible for the execution of the policies.

The Commissioner is appointed for a fixed term as defined by state statute. The powers of the Commissioner are those provided by statute and those delegated by the Corporation or the Standing Committee.

The two revenue districts of Mumbai come under the jurisdiction of a District Collector. The Collectors are in charge of property records and revenue collection for the Central Governmentand oversee the national elections held in the city. The Mumbai Police is headed by a Police Commissionerwho is an Indian Police Service IPS officer.

The Mumbai Police is a division of the Maharashtra Policeunder the state Home Ministry. The Mumbai Fire Brigadeunder the jurisdiction of the Municipal Corporation, is headed by the Chief Fire Officer, who is assisted by four Deputy Chief Fire Officers and six Divisional Officers.

Mumbai is the seat of the Bombay High Courtwhich exercises jurisdiction over the states of Maharashtra and Goaand the Union Territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Mumbai also has a special Terrorist and Disruptive Activities TADA court for people accused of conspiring and abetting acts of terrorism in the city. Mumbai had been a traditional stronghold and birthplace of the Indian National Congressalso known as the Congress Party.

The s saw the rise of regionalist politics in Bombay, with the formation of the Shiv Sena on 19 Juneout of a feeling of resentment about the relative marginalisation of the native Marathi people in Bombay. Inthe Bharatiya Janata Party BJPa major national political party, forged an electoral alliance with the Shiv Sena to dislodge the Congress in the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly elections.

Inseveral members left the Congress to form the Nationalist Congress Party NCP but later allied with the Congress as part of an alliance known as the Democratic Front.

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In the Indian national elections held every five years, Mumbai is represented by six parliamentary constituencies: NorthNorth WestNorth EastNorth CentralSouth Centraland South.

In the national electionsall six parliamentary constituencies were won by the BJP and Shiv Sena in alliance, with both parties winning three seats each. In the Maharashtra state assembly elections held every five years, Mumbai is represented by 36 assembly constituencies. In the state assembly electionsout of the 36 assembly constituencies, 15 were won by the BJP, 14 by the Shiv Sena and 5 by the Congress.

Elections are also held every five years to elect corporators to power in the MCGM. Public transport systems in Mumbai include the Mumbai Suburban RailwayMonorailMetroBrihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport BEST buses, black-and-yellow meter taxisauto rickshaws and ferries.

The Mumbai Suburban Railwaypopularly referred to as Locals forms the backbone of the city's transport system. The Mumbai Monorail and Mumbai Metro have been built and are being extended in phases to relieve overcrowding on the existing network.

The Monorail opened in early February Mumbai is the headquarters of two zones of the Indian Railways: Long-distance trains originate from Chhatrapati Shivaji TerminusDadarLokmanya Tilak TerminusMumbai CentralBandra TerminusAndheri and Borivali. Mumbai's bus services carried over 5. Its fleet consists of single-decker, double-decker, vestibule, low-floor, disabled-friendly, air-conditioned and Euro III compliant diesel and compressed natural gas powered buses.

Buses are generally favoured for commuting short to medium distances, while train fares are more economical for longer distance commutes. The Mumbai Darshan is a tourist bus service which explores numerous tourist attractions in Mumbai. Water transport in Mumbai consists of ferries, hovercrafts and catamarans. Services are provided by both government agencies as well as private partners.

They were subsequently scrapped due to lack of adequate infrastructure. Mumbai is served by National Highway 3National Highway 4National Highway 8National Highway 17 and National Highway of India's National Highways system. The Mumbai Nashik ExpresswayMumbai-Vadodara Expressway[] are under construction. The Bandra-Worli Sea Link bridge, along with Mahim Causewaylinks the island city to the western suburbs. Mumbai had aboutprivate vehicles as of March[] 56, black and yellow taxis as of [update][] andauto rickshaws, as of May The Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport formerly Sahar International Airport is the main aviation hub in the city and the second busiest airport in India in terms of passenger traffic.

The proposed Navi Mumbai International Airport to be built in the Kopra- Panvel area has been sanctioned by the Indian Government and will help relieve the increasing traffic burden on the existing airport. The Juhu Aerodrome was India's first airport, and now hosts the Bombay Flying Club and a heliport operated by state-owned Pawan Hans. Mumbai is served by two major ports, Mumbai Port Trust and Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trustwhich lies just across the creek in Navi Mumbai.

The city is also the headquarters of the Western Naval Commandand also an important base for the Indian Navy. Under colonial rule, tanks were the only source of water in Mumbai, with many localities having been named after them. The MCGM supplies potable water to the city from six lakes, [] [] most of which comes from the Tulsi and Vihar lakes.

The Tansa lake supplies water to the western suburbs and parts of the island city along the Western Railway. Electricity is distributed by the Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport BEST undertaking in the island city, and by Reliance EnergyTata Powerand the Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Co.

Ltd Mahavitaran in the suburbs. Cooking gas is supplied in the form of liquefied petroleum gas cylinders sold by state-owned oil companies, [] as well as through piped natural gas supplied by Mahanagar Gas Limited. The largest telephone service provider is the state-owned MTNLwhich held a monopoly over fixed line and cellular services up untiland provides fixed line as well as mobile WLL services. Both GSM and CDMA services are available in the city. As of [update]Mumbai had the highest number of internet users in India with The architecture of the city is a blend of Gothic RevivalIndo-SaracenicArt Decoand other contemporary styles.

Most of the buildings during the British period, such as the Victoria Terminus and Bombay Universitywere built in Gothic Revival style. Mumbai has the second largest number of Art Deco buildings in the world after Miami. In the newer suburbs, modern buildings dominate the landscape. Mumbai has by far the largest number of skyscrapers in India, with existing buildings and under construction as of [update]. The Mumbai Heritage Conservation Committee MHCCestablished informulates special regulations and by-laws to assist in the ncha money earner of stock trading accounts for minors city's heritage structures.

Mumbai has two UNESCO World Heritage Sitesthe Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus and the Elephanta Caves. On the Reuters currency trading information charts coast are former-textile mills being demolished and skyscrapers built on top.

According to the censusthe population of Mumbai city was 12, Pipeline trading systems discontinues options business population density is estimated to be about 20, persons per square kilometre.

The living space is 4. The sex ratio in was females per 1, males in the island city, in the suburbs, and as a whole in Greater Mumbai, all numbers lower than the national average of females per 1, males. The low sex ratio is partly because of the large number of male migrants who come to the city to work. Residents of Mumbai call themselves Mumbaikar[53] Mumbaiite[] Bombayite or Bombaiite. Mumbai has a large polyglot population like any other metropolitan city of India.

Sixteen major languages of India are also spoken in Mumbai, most common being MarathiHindiGujarati and English. A colloquial form of Hindi, known as Bambaiya — a blend of Marathi, HindiGujaratiKonkaniUrduIndian English and some invented words — is spoken on the streets. Mumbai suffers from the same major urbanisation problems seen in many fast growing cities in developing countries: With available land at a premium, Mumbai residents often reside in cramped, relatively expensive housing, usually far from workplaces, and therefore requiring long commutes on crowded mass transit, or clogged roadways.

Many of them live in close proximity to bus or train stations although suburban residents spend significant time travelling southward to the main commercial district.

The number of migrants to Mumbai from outside Maharashtra during the — decade was 1. The number of households in Mumbai is forecast to rise from 4. The religious groups represented in Mumbai as of include Hindus Native Christians include East Indian Catholicswho were converted by the Portuguese during the 16th century, [] while Goan and Mangalorean Catholics also constitute a significant portion of the Christian community of the city. The Bene Israeli Jewish community of Bombay, who migrated from the Konkan villages, south of Bombay, are believed to preferred stock money market instrument the descendants of the Jews of Israel who were shipwrecked off the Konkan coast, probably in the year BCE, during the reign of the Greek ruler, Antiochus IV Epiphanes.

Mumbai's culture is a blend of traditional festivals, food, music, and theatres. The city offers a cosmopolitan and diverse lifestyle with a variety of food, entertainment, and night life, available in a form and abundance comparable to that in other world capitals. Mumbai's history as a major trading centre has led to a diverse range of cultures, religions, and cuisines coexisting in the city.

This unique blend of cultures is due to the migration of people from all over India since the British period. Mumbai is the birthplace of Indian cinema [] — Dadasaheb Phalke laid the foundations with silent movies followed by Marathi talkies —and the oldest film broadcast took place in the early 20th century.

The Mumbai International Film Festival [] and the award ceremony of the Filmfare Awardsthe oldest and prominent film awards given for Hindi film industry in India, are held in Mumbai. Contemporary art is featured in both government-funded art spaces and private commercial galleries. The government-funded institutions include the Jehangir Art Gallery and the National Gallery of Modern Art.

Built inthe Asiatic Society of Bombay is one of the oldest public libraries in the city. Mumbai has a zoo named Jijamata Udyaan formerly Victoria Gardenswhich also harbours a garden. The rich literary traditions of the city have been highlighted internationally by Booker Prize winners Salman RushdieAravind Adiga.

Marathi literature has been modernised in the works of Mumbai-based authors such as Mohan Apte, Anant Kanekarand Gangadhar Gadgiland is promoted through an annual Sahitya Akademi Awarda literary honour bestowed by India's National Academy of Letters.

Mumbai residents celebrate both Western and Indian festivals. DiwaliHoliEidChristmas, NavratriGood FridayDusseraMoharramGanesh ChaturthiDurga Puja and Maha Shivratri are some of the popular festivals in the city. The Kala Ghoda Arts Festival is an exhibition of a world of arts that encapsulates works of artists in the fields of music, dance, theatre, and films.

The Banganga Festival is a two-day music festival, held annually in the month of January, which is organised by the Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation MTDC at the historic Banganga Tank in Mumbai.

Beaches are a major tourist attraction in the city. The major beaches in Mumbai are Girgaum ChowpattyJuhu BeachDadar Chowpatty, Gorai Beach, Marve BeachVersova Beach, Madh Beach, Aksa Beachand Manori Beach. Mumbai has numerous newspaper publications, television and radio stations.

Marathi dailies enjoy the maximum readership share in the city and the top Marathi pretend stock market for kids newspapers are Maharashtra TimesNavakaalLokmatLoksattaMumbai ChauferSaamana and Sakaal.

Newspapers are also printed in other Indian languages. Numerous Indian and international television channels can be watched in Mumbai through one of the Pay TV companies or the local cable television provider.

The metropolis is also the hub of many international media corporations, with many news channels and print publications having a major presence. The national television broadcaster, Doordarshanprovides two free terrestrial channels, while three main cable networks serve most households. The wide range of cable channels available includes Zee MarathiZee TalkiesETV MarathiStar PravahMi MarathiDD Sahyadri All Marathi channelsnews channels such as ABP MajhaIBN-LokmatZee 24 Taassports channels how much money do golf caddies earn ESPNStar SportsNational entertainment channels like ColorsSonyZee TV and Star Plusbusiness news channels like CNBC AwaazZee BusinessET Now and Bloomberg UTV.

News channels entirely dedicated to Mumbai include Sahara Samay Mumbai. Zing a popular Bollywood gossip channel is also based out of Mumbai. Satellite television DTH has yet to gain mass acceptance, due to high installation costs.

There are twelve radio stations in Mumbai, with nine broadcasting on the FM band, and three All India Radio stations broadcasting on the AM band. The Conditional Access System CAS started by the Union Government in met a poor response in Mumbai due to competition from its sister technology Direct-to-Home DTH transmission service.

Bollywoodthe Hindi film industry based in Mumbai, produces around — films every year. This led filmmaking to new heights in terms of quality, cinematography and innovative story lines as well as technical advances such as special effects and animation. Schools in Mumbai are either "municipal schools" run by the MCGM or private schools run by trusts or individualswhich in some cases receive financial aid from the government.

The primary education system of the MCGM is the largest urban primary education system in Asia. The MCGM operates 1, primary schools imparting primary education to short sell nifty options, students in costs of stock market bubble languages Marathi, HindiGujaratiUrduEnglish, TamilTeluguand Kannada.

The MCGM also imparts secondary education to 55, students through its 49 secondary schools. The University of Mumbai is one of the premier [] universities in India. It was ranked 41 among the Top 50 Engineering Schools of the world by America's news broadcasting firm Business Insider in and was the only university in the list from the five emerging BRICS nations viz Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.

BRICS are for papers per faculty 8themployer reputation 20th and citations per paper 28th. The Indian Institute of Technology Bombay singapore stock trader blog, [] Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute VJTI[] University Institute of Chemical Technology [] which are India's premier engineering and technology schools, and SNDT Women's University are the other autonomous universities in Mumbai.

Medical College are the leading medical institutes affiliated with Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals and KEM Hospital respectively. Mumbai is also home to National Institute of Industrial Engineering NITIEJamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies JBIMSNarsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies NMIMSS P Jain Institute of Management and ResearchTata Institute of Social Sciences TISS and several other management schools.

School of Art is Mumbai's oldest art institution. Mumbai is home to two prominent research institutions: Cricket is more popular than any other sport in the city. Due to a shortage of grounds, various modified versions generally referred to as gully cricket are played everywhere. Mumbai is also home to the Board of Control for Cricket in India BCCI [] and Indian Premier League IPL. The city has two international cricket grounds, the Wankhede Stadium and the Brabourne Stadium.

The first cricket test match in India was played in Mumbai at the Bombay Gymkhana. Mumbai and London are the only two cities to ontario cap and trade system hosted both a World Cup final and the final of an ICC Champions Trophy which was played at the Brabourne Stadium in Football is another popular sport in the city, with the FIFA World Cup and the English Premier League being followed widely.

Mumbai FC [] and Air-India. Named the Mumbai Gladiatorsthe team's first season was played in Pune in late[] and it will be Mumbai's first professional American football franchise. Matches in the city are played at the Mahindra Hockey Stadium. Rugby is another growing sport in Mumbai with league matches being held at the Bombay Gymkhana from June to November. Every February, Mumbai holds derby races at the Mahalaxmi Racecourse. Fat turbo forex robot Derby is also held in February at the Turf Club in Mumbai.

Mumbai had also played host to the Kingfisher Airlines Tennis Openan International Series tournament of the ATP World Tourin and From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Mumbai disambiguation.

Cuffe Parade skyline, the Gateway of India LTaj Mahal Palace Hotel RChhatrapati Shivaji Terminus and the Bandra—Worli Sea Link. History of Mumbai and Timeline of Mumbai history. History of Bombay under Portuguese rule — and History of Bombay under British rule. History of Bombay in Independent India.

South MumbaiWestern Suburbs MumbaiEastern Suburbs Mumbaiand List of neighbourhoods in Mumbai. The Mumbai Suburban Railway system carries more than 6. It has the highest passenger density of any urban railway moneymaker vs pacman in the world.

The Mumbai Monorail opened in February BEST buses carry a total of 4. The black and yellow Premier Padmini Taxis are iconic of Mumbai. The Bandra-Worli Sea Link is a cable-stayed bridge that connects central Mumbai with its western suburbs. Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust is the busiest port in India. Public transport in Mumbai. Heritage structures in Mumbai.

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In Bombay today, there are three Catholic communities; Goans, the Mangaloreans and the East Indians. A rich history now stained with blood". Retrieved 11 September Retrieved 11 June Johns Hopkins University Press. Prince of Wales Museum of Western India, Mumbai.

Archived from the original on 20 May Retrieved 27 September Retrieved 7 February Archived from the original on 21 September Retrieved 29 January Retrieved 16 October Negligible decline of daily readers in Greater Mumbai". Publications in Maharashtra see some light". Archived from the original on 17 January Archived from the original on 6 August Retrieved 14 May Retrieved 10 June Archived from the original on 9 August Retrieved 10 August Retrieved 22 January Retrieved 26 May Archived from the original on 25 April University of Mumbai — Photo1 India Today.

Archived 26 April at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 5 June Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute. Archived from the original on 18 May Archived from the original on 19 December Directorate of Technical Education, Maharashtra State, Mumbai Archived from the original on 22 June Bhabha Atomic Research Centre BARC.

Archived from the original on 9 July Board of Control for Cricket in India BCCI. Archived from the original on 4 October Archived from the original on 8 December The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 18 June Mahindra United to face Mumbai FC". Archived from the original on 14 July Retrieved 17 July Why American Football Is Coming To India — TIME NewsFeed".

Police assure tight security for matches in Mumbai". Retrieved 29 September The Times Of India. Retrieved 24 January Archived from the original on 2 October Retrieved 28 May Baptista, Elsie Wilhelmina Catholic Community of Bombay, Salsette and Bassein.

Bombay East Indian Association. Community, Empire and Migration: South Asians in Diaspora. Brunn, Stanley; Williams, Jack Francis; Zeigler, Donald Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development Third ed. International Telecommunications Law []. Census of India, Office of the Registrar General India. The New Cambridge Modern History The ascendancy of France — Cambridge University Press Archive.

Chaudhuri, Asha Kuthari Contemporary Indian Writers in English. The Port of Bombay: Datta, Kavita; Jones, Gareth A. Housing and finance in developing countries. Volume 7 of Routledge studies in development and society illustrated ed.

History of Bombay, — Bombay, the city of dreams: Planet of Slums [" Le pire des mondes possibles: Dwivedi, Sharada ; Mehrotra, Rahul International Institute for Environment and Development. Archived PDF from the original on 16 April A History of the British Army. The everyday state and society in modern India.

Greater Bombay District Gazetteer. Gazetteer Department Government of Maharashtra. An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology. Hansen, Thomas Blom The Art and Science of Cinema. The Essential Guide to Bollywood. Keillor, Bruce David Marketing in the 21st Century: The Political Economy of Trade in Services Agreements. Muslims in the Deccan: Bombay Lost and Found. Metropolitan planning and management in the developing world: United Nations Centre for Human Settlements.

Misra, Satish Chandra The Rise of Muslim Power in Gujarat: A History of Gujarat from to Morris, Jan; Winchester, Simon []. Department of Relief and Rehabilitation Government of Maharashtra.

Archived from the original on 10 March Battles of the honourable East India Company: Archived from the original PDF, 1. Patel, Sujata; Masselos, Jim, eds.

Identities, Politics and Populism". The City in Transition. The Oxford University Press. Case Study of Mumbai City" PDF.

In Cohen, James; McAlister, Kara T. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Bilingualism. The mangroves in Salsette Island near Bombay. Proceedings of the Symposium on Mangrove Forest.

Business Standard Political Profiles: Of Cabals and Kings. Archived from the original PDF on 28 December Retrieved 4 June Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy. Indian National Science Academy. Rana, Mahendra Singh History of Medieval India. Bhatnagar; Anthropological Survey of India; D. Researches in Indo-Portuguese history. Macmillan India in association with Observer Research Foundation.

The children of Israel: The Gazetteer of Bombay City and Island. Gazetteers of the Bombay Presidency. State Election Commissioner Government of Maharashtra. Archived from the original PDF on 5 July Retrieved 3 May Kurian, Mathew; McCarney, Patricia Peri-urban water and sanitation services policy, planning and method. Mass communication in India: Yimene, Ababu Minda An African Indian Community in Hyderabad: Siddi Identity, Its Maintenance and Change.

Yule, Henry; Burnell, A. A glossary of colloquial Anglo-Indian words and phrases: Zakakria, Rafiq; Indian National Congress Indian National Congress, — Reception Committee, Congress Centenary Session. Find more about Mumbai at Wikipedia's sister projects. Articles related to Mumbai. Timeline Silhara dynasty Bombay Presidency Seven Islands of Bombay Elephanta Caves Banganga Tank Old Bombay Worli Fort Girangaon Samyukta Maharashtra Movement Tanks Growth of Mumbai —93 riots bombings attacks Terrorism.

Powai Lake Vihar Lake Tulsi Lake Thane Creek Mahim Bay Back Bay Mithi River Ulhas River Gilbert Hill Malabar Hill Salsette Island Mumbai Harbour Middle Ground Climate Beaches Eastern Suburbs Western Suburbs South Mumbai Neighbourhoods.

Architecture of Mumbai Gateway of India Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus Naval Dockyard Bombay Stock Exchange Hutatma Chowk General Post Office Shreepati Arcade Regal Cinema Mount Mary's Church Haji Ali Dargah Flora Fountain David Sassoon Library Mumba Devi Temple Mahalaxmi Temple Prince of Wales Museum National Gallery of Modern Art Asiatic Society of Mumbai Jehangir Art Gallery Gowalia Tank Shri Swaminarayan Mandir Mahim Church.

Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport BEST Mumbai Suburban Railway Central Railway Western Railway Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport Juhu Aerodrome Auto rickshaw Metro Monorail Skywalk Western railway elevated corridor Water transport Mumbai BRTS Mumbai Urban Transport Project.

Airoli Bridge Altamount Road Bandra—Worli Sea Link Carmichael Road Colaba Causeway Currey Road Bridge Dadabhai Naoroji Road Eastern Express Highway Eastern Freeway Fashion Street Hughes Road Jeejabai Bhosle Marg JVLR Linking Road Lady Jamshetjee Road LBS Marg Lamington Road Mahim Causeway Marine Drive MTHL Nepean Sea Road P D'Mello Road Pedder Road Princess Street SCLR SV Road Sahar Elevated Access Road Sion Panvel Highway Vashi Bridge Veera Desai Road Western Express Highway. Bombay Stock Exchange National Stock Exchange of India Reserve Bank of India Mint Dalal Street Nariman Point.

University of Mumbai MU SNDT Women's University Indian Institute of Technology - Bombay IIT-B Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute VJTI Mulund College of Commerce ICT formerly UDCT NITIE Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies JBIMS SP Jain Institute of Management and Research NMIMS St.

Xavier's College Sathaye College Ramnarain Ruia College DG Ruparel College Ramniranjan Anandilal Podar College of Commerce and Economics V. Vaze College of Arts, Science and Commerce. Bombay Scottish School Campion School Cathedral and John Connon School Dhirubhai Ambani International School Dr. Antonio Da Silva High School Jamnabai Narsee School Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan King George High School, Dadar E St. Theresa's Boys High School.

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research TIFR Bhabha Atomic Research Centre BARC Nehru Planetarium Nehru Science Centre Tata Institute of Social Sciences TISS Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences UM-DAE CBS. Mayor Police Commissioner Municipal Commissioner Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation Mumbai Police Wards Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport Demographics Water sources Bombay High Court Sheriff.

Jainism in Mumbai Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay History of the Jews in Mumbai List of churches in Mumbai Anglican Diocese of Bombay Mumbai Orthodox Diocese. Bombay High Kamathipura Dharavi People from Mumbai. Category Commons Mumbai portal. Tourist attractions in Mumbai list. Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus BMC Headquarters Hutatma Chowk Worli Fort David Sassoon Library Gateway of India Rajabai Tower Mount Mary's Church Bombay High Court Ballard Bunder Gatehouse South Mumbai St.

Babulnath Haji Ali Jama Masjid Mahalaxmi Temple Cathedral of the Holy Name, Mumbai Mahim Church Basilica of Our Lady of the Mount, Bandra Shrine Of Don Bosco's MadonnaMatunga St Peter's Church, Bandra St.

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Andrew's Church, MumbaiBandraMumbai Portuguese Church Mumbai Mumba Devi Mandir Siddhivinayak Temple Shitala Devi Temple Swaminarayan Mandir Walkeshwar Temple. National Centre for the Performing Arts Experimental Theatre NCPA Jehangir Art Gallery Taraporewala Aquarium Asiatic Society of Mumbai Marine Drive Royal Opera House Regal Cinema Eros Cinema Metro Adlabs Nehru Science Centre Film City Capitol Cinema Liberty Cinema. Marine Drive Fashion Street Linking Road Nepean Sea Road Breach Candy Bandstand Promenade Worli Seaface Bandra-Worli Sea Link Carter Road Promenade.

Chor Bazaar Fashion Street Colaba Causeway Lamington Road Linking Road. History Geography Economy Tourism Highest point Marathi language Culture Marathi people Marathi literature Marathi cinema Maharashtrian cuisine Sports. Desh Khandesh Konkan Mumbai Metropolitan Region Marathwada Vidarbha. Akola Amravati Buldhana Washim Yavatmal.

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Agartala Aizawl Amaravati de facto Bangalore Bhopal Bhubaneswar Chandigarh Chennai Daman Dehradun New Delhi Dispur Gandhinagar Gangtok Hyderabad Imphal Itanagar Jaipur Jammu in winter Kavaratti Kohima Kolkata Lucknow Mumbai Panaji Patna Pondicherry Puducherry Port Blair Raipur Ranchi Shillong Shimla Silvassa Srinagar in summer Thiruvananthapuram Trivandrum.

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Sanpada Vashi Juinagar Nerul Seawoods Belapur CBD Kharghar Koparkhairane Airoli New Panvel Mahape Taloja Ghansoli. Bhandup Chembur Ghatkopar Govandi Hiranandani Gardens Kanjurmarg Kurla Mankhurd Mulund Nahur Powai Trombay Vidyavihar Vikhroli.

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Elephanta Caves Kanheri Caves Worli Fort Mahim Fort. Western Suburbs Nariman Point Malabar Hill Kala Ghoda Colaba Bandra Kurla Complex. Bandra Kurla Complex Ground Brabourne Stadium Cross Maidan Essel World Gowalia Tank Hanging Gardens Horniman Circle Gardens Jijamata Udyaan Kamala Nehru Park Mahalaxmi Racecourse Middle Income Group Club Ground Sanjay Gandhi National Park Shivaji Park Wankhede Stadium.

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Amravati division Akola Amravati Buldhana Washim Yavatmal. North Africa 15th century — Sub-Saharan Africa 15th century — Middle East [Persian Gulf] 16th century — Indian subcontinent 15th century — Pallipuram Cochin de Cima. Portuguese Paliacate outpost Pulicat.

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